. "Climate and Forecast (CF)" . "downwelling spherical irradiance in sea water" . . . "Downwelling radiation is radiation from above. It does not mean \"net downward\". Spherical irradiance is the radiation incident on unit area of a hemispherical (or \"2-pi\") collector. It is sometimes called \"scalar irradiance\". The direction (up/downwelling) is specified. Radiation incident on a 4-pi collector has standard names of \"omnidirectional spherical irradiance\"." . .