\(m = I e_n A\), where \(I\) is electric current in a small closed loop, \(e_n\) is a unit vector perpendicular to the loop, and \(A\) is the area of the loop. The magnetic moment of a substance within a domain is the vector sum of the magnetic moments of all entities included in the domain.
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"Magnetic Area Moment", for a magnetic dipole, is a vector quantity equal to the product of the current, the loop area, and the unit vector normal to the loop plane, the direction of which corresponds to the loop orientation. "Magnetic Area Moment" is also referred to as "Magnetic Moment".