Tower City has always been doomed. It could never have been the mall everyone wanted it to be. The concept just didn't make sense, and still doesn't.
The 80s were a bad time for cities. Really bad. Cleveland was a sprawling mess. The city was bleeding population. Tower City was a knockoff of the ever popular suburban shopping mall. It had lots of parking, stores, a food court, movie theater, all under one roof. Who wouldn't want to drive in from the burbs to go there?
It's not like Tower City is the only dying mall in Cleveland. Euclid Square and Randall Park had the final nails driven into their coffins long ago. How many malls can a slow growing metro area reasonably be expected to support? Tower City was once the shiny new shopping center. Then another opened. And another. And another. It was doomed, just like the others that came before it.
Tower City was never a destination. It was the place you parked your car before walking safely underground to a baseball or basketball game. It was the cinema you came to once and only once per year for the Film Festival. And now it's supposed to be the place you stumble through before and after blowing your money at Cleveland's glamorous casino? I can only imagine what the gimmick will be 5 years from now.
You can't blame Cleveland for trying to compete with its suburbs for shopping mall glory in the 80s and 90s. Lots of cities have a Tower City in their downtown. Many of them are in similarly sorry shape, or worst. Columbus had one that they eventually demolished. Perhaps the writing is already on the wall.